Description

Benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G)
Overview:
Benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G) is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic used to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria.
It belongs to the natural penicillin class and is administered intravenously or intramuscularly due to poor oral absorption.
Common indications include pneumonia, strep throat, syphilis, necrotizing enterocolitis, diphtheria, gas gangrene, leptospirosis, cellulitis, and tetanus¹².
Mechanism of Action:
Benzylpenicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
It primarily targets gram-positive organisms but also has activity against some gram-negative bacteria, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Leptospira weilii.
Forms and Administration:
Due to limited oral bioavailability, benzylpenicillin is typically administered via injection (sodium, potassium, benzathine, or procaine salt).
Long-acting forms include benzathine benzylpenicillin and procaine benzylpenicillin, which are given by intramuscular injection³.
Side Effects:
Adverse reactions may include diarrhea, seizures, and allergic responses (including anaphylaxis).
In syphilis or Lyme disease treatment, a reaction called Jarisch–Herxheimer may occur.
Caution is advised in patients with a history of penicillin allergy³.
Remember to consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and dosing recommendations. Benzylpenicillin remains an essential antibiotic in our medical arsenal.