Description

Introduction
This medication is primarily used for the treatment and prevention of angina, controlling hypertension during cardiac surgery, and managing perioperative myocardial ischemia (heart complications).
Administration
Available in various forms—oral, sublingual, buccal, aerosol, and injection—the dosage depends on the patient’s age and response to treatment. Most forms are not recommended for children.
Storage
Refer to the leaflet provided for specific storage instructions. Keep the medication away from excessive light, moisture, and out of reach of children.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
Postural hypotension (drop in blood pressure due to posture changes)
Throbbing headache
Dizziness
Nausea
Vomiting
Heartburn
Flushing
Fainting
Temporary hypoxemia (decreased blood oxygen)
Rash
Application site reactions with transdermal patches
Angle-closure glaucoma
Injection-related side effects may include severe hypotension, sweating, anxiety, restlessness, muscle twitching, chest discomfort, palpitations, abdominal pain, and methemoglobinemia (long-term).
Precautions
Hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone levels)
Malnutrition
Hypothermia (lower-than-normal body temperature)
Recent heart attack
Obstructive heart failure
Hypoxemia (low blood oxygen)
Ventilation and perfusion abnormalities
Susceptibility to angle-closure glaucoma
Removal of metal-containing transdermals before MRI
Cardioversion (restoration of normal heart rhythm)
Diathermy (heat therapy)
Avoid abrupt discontinuation
Monitor blood pressure and heart rate during IV infusion
Effects on Pregnancy and Lactation
The effects during pregnancy and lactation are not fully established. Consult your healthcare provider before use.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to nitrates
Hypotensive conditions
Hypovolemia (low blood volume)
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (thickened heart muscle)
Aortic stenosis (narrowing of the aorta)
Cardiac tamponade (fluid around the heart)
Constrictive pericarditis (inflammation of the heart’s surrounding membrane)
Mitral stenosis (narrowed mitral valve)
Toxic pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)
Head trauma
Cerebral hemorrhage
Cerebrovascular disease
Marked anemia
Primary Uses
This medication is indicated for:
Treatment and prevention of angina
Control of hypertension during cardiac surgery
Management of perioperative myocardial ischemia
Side Effects
Possible side effects include:
Postural hypotension
Throbbing headache
Dizziness
Nausea
Vomiting
Heartburn
Flushing
Fainting
Temporary hypoxemia
Rash
Application site reactions with transdermal patches
Angle-closure glaucoma
Injection site effects: severe hypotension, sweating, anxiety, restlessness, muscle twitching, chest discomfort, palpitations, abdominal pain, methemoglobinemia (long-term)
Warnings
Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Caution is advised. Consult your healthcare provider for guidance.
Lactation: Effects are undetermined. Consult your healthcare provider for further advice.
Precautions
Hypothyroidism
Malnutrition
Recent heart attack
Severe renal or hepatic disease
Avoid abrupt withdrawal
Monitor blood pressure during use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to nitrates
Severe cardiac dysfunction
Anemia
G6PD deficiency
FAQs
Does its effect wear off with time? Yes, tolerance can develop with excessive use. Follow your doctor’s prescription.
Can I consume alcohol with it? No.
How does it work? This medication relaxes and widens blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart.